Coolant means for drills



May 8, 1951 J. sEARLEs 2,552,463

CGOLANT BEANS lF'OR DRILLS Filed llarch 10, 1948 FIG. 2

WMI

IN VEN TOR.

GEORGE J. SEARLES ATTORNEY Patented May 8, 1951 COOLANT MEANS FOR DRILLS George J. Searles, Rochester, N. Y., assignor to Taylor Instrument Companies, Rochester, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application March 10, 1948, Serial No. 14,066

2 Claims.

This invention relates to a method of and to apparatus for deep drilling in metals and similar materials. In the past where relatively deep holes have been drilled in stainless steel, carbon steel, brass and the like, it has been necessary to withdraw the drill frequently from the hole to remove the accumulated chips, otherwise the wall of the hole would be scored and in some instances the drill would be broken. In the case of stainless steel, the interruption of the drilling,

when the drill was thus withdrawn for cleaning,

caused the metal to harden so that the point was subjected to severe strain with resultant breakage in some instances.

In accordance with the present invention there are provided a method of and apparatus for the deep drilling of materials whereby it is unnecessary to withdraw the drill for the removal of chips even when holes of relatively great depth are being drilled.

The various features and advantages of the invention will appear from the detailed description and claims when taken with the drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a conventional turret lathe having incorporated therein apparatus of the present invention by which the method of this invention can be practised;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view greatly enlarged, with parts thereof broken away, of the jet deflector together with the drill which is shown as having entered the stock to be drilled;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view considerably enlarged of the oil sealed retainer and drill, the section being ,taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is an end view of the point of the drill employed in this invention;

Figs. 5 and 6' are side views of the drill taken at ninety degrees with respect to each other; and

Fig. 7 is an enlarged section taken through one of the lips of the drill.

The invention can best be understood by reference to Fig. l wherein there is illustrated a conventional turret lathe with the apparatus of the present invention incorporated therein. This lathe is provided with the usual bed 5 on which there is supported the headstock 6, the adjustable tool post carriage 8 and the tail stock turret carriage 9. The carriage 8 and the `carriage 9 are movable independently in the well-known manner, lengthwise of the bed, on the lead screw II, under the control of the hand wheels I2 and I3.

The head stock includes a spindle housing I5 within which there is mounted a power-driven,

2 rotatable spindle (not shown) but terminating in a collet chuck I'I. This chuck, which. is rotated at high speed by the spindle, tightly grips and rotates the stock S While it is being drilled. Since the tool post and its carriage 8 are not involvecl in the present drilling operation, it wi not be referred to further.

The turret carriage 9 is provided with the conventional saddle type turret I9, in which the drill 20 of this invention is mounted so that it can be fed into the stock in the usual manner.

The body of the drill 2l] is provided with. a pair of opposed spiral inlet flutes 22 and with an opposed pair of discharge spiral flutes 23, one inlet flute communicating with one discharge flute. The inlet flutes 22, which serve to apply two independent streams of coolant to the point of the drill are shallower than the discharge flutes which provide two independent discharge paths stock being drilled. It will be noted that each margin ZIA of the drill between an inlet iiute 22` and its communicating discharge flute 23 is cut away as indicated at 21B so that the cross sec` tional area of the cut away portion is substantially equal to the cross sectional area of the inlet,

flute. By this construction, the coolant is not retarded in passing from flute 22 to flute 23. The cutting lips 24 and 25 of the drill are respectively provided with transverse notches 26 and 21 to function as longitudinal chip breakers, the notches 26 being radially staggered with respect to the notches 21. There is also provided in the point of the drill just at the front of each lip and in parallel relation to the cutting edge thereof, a step or chip breaker 29 which serves to break the chips transversely. Consequently, the chips are broken both longitudinally and transversely so that the resulting pieces are rectangular, with their greatest dimension approximating the space between the notches 21. Because of the relatively small size of these pieces of chips, they are easily flushed by the coolant through the spiral flutes 23 and therefore the drill, during any given drillingI operation, does not need to be Withdrawn from the bore in the stock for the removal of chips, even when a bore of considerable depth is being drilled in the stock.

The right hand end (Fig. 2) of the stock S being drilled, is arranged to engage snugly :a synthetic rubber disk 3| carried on a rotatable seal of which only one appears in Fig. 1. These bars, in turn, are anchored on an arm 36. The arm 36 is secured to that face of the turret I9 from which the drill projects. The upper end of the bracket is latched during the drilling operation to a pilot support rod 38 by means of a manually operated cam latch 39, the support rod 38 being mounted on the head stock. As shown more fully in Fig. v2, the lower end of the -bracket has rotatably mounted therein a guide bushing 48 and an oil seal ,bushing 4l fastened thereto. The oil seal bushing receives the drill, enabling the drill to be moved axially so that vit can be advanced or withdrawn through .the seal bearing plate 32 and through the rubber seal disk '3| into the stock S as it is being drilled. The seal bushing 4| has openings which always communicate both with the shallow flutes 22 'in the drill and with an annular groove 42 in the bracket. A tube 44 connected to a source of coolant under pressure,supplies=the coolant as a jet through `the jet director-.mechanism and through the inlet ilutes .22 to the lpoint'of :the drill. An oil seal retainer 49 through which the drill can be advanced and withdrawn axially., is threaded on -and also locked onthe end .of the oil seal bushing 4I (Fig. 2). It will be noted that the retainer 746 is provided with two convex ribs 4 1 (Fig. 3) respectively mating-.with the .shallow spiral flutes 22 to prevent escape of `the coolant at that point. However, the retainer .allows the coolant and the chips therein VVto discharge through the flutes 23 and the related spaces in .the retainer 46 (Fig. 3).

Briefly, the method-.of the present invention comprises securing in the collet il, the stock S to .be drilled. The turret I9 is rotated until the drill 20 is in alinement with the stock. Then the bracket 234.01 the jet vmechanism is fastened to -the pilot rod 38 by the manually operated cam latch B9. `'The stock is now rotated at high speed by the `.collet in the well-known manner. The ycoolant is supplied under pressure to the jet. mechanism while the .turret carriage 9 is moved .toward the left (Fig. l) bythe hand wheel I3 to bring the drill into engagement with the stock as the hole is being drilled therein. The chips cut away by the .l-ips 24 vand 25 of the drill are broken longitudinally by the notches 26 .and 21 .and are .also 4broken transversely by the steps 29. When the chips are thus broken, the resulting-.pieces are Vgenerally rectangular or granular so that they can be .readily flushed from the bore by the coolant which is supplied through the jet mechanism and the inlet flutes -22 to the point of the drill. There the coolant picks up the broken chips and flushes them out through `flutes 23 and through the `related spaces in the retainer 46 (Figli).

The three-quarter inch drill 20, having the point angle and dimensions indicated in Figs. 4 to.7 inclusive, is particularly adapted Vfor drilling free machining stainless Steel (known in the Aart under the `code number 303). However', the point angle, while preferably being .ground to 135 degrees, may vary between 118 and 145 degrees. Furthermore, the dimensions indicated in, parenthesis `in the mentioned figures, while especially effective in the case of a three-quarter inch. drill used for drilling the .mentioned-stainless steel, 4may be varied considerably, especially when the drill is being used to drill carbon steel, brass and the like.

What I claim is:

l. The combination with a drilling machine comprising means including a collet for gripping the stock to be drilled and for rotating the same, a drill, a support for holding said drill and for feeding it into the stock as a hole is drilled therein, said drill having a pair of passages for supplying coolant to and for discharging coolant from the point thereof, each passage including an inlet ilute and a discharge flute, of a jet director mechanism, said mechanism including a rotatable. oil seal bushing through which the drill passes, means in said mechanism rotatable with the stock being drilled for sealing one end of :said 'bushing to'said stock, means including said bushing for supplying coolant under pressure to .said inlet flutes, a retainer engaging the other end of said bushing and through which said drill projects, means mating with said inlet flutes to substantially prevent the escape of coolant therefrom, said retainer having spaces whereby the coolant and `the chi-ps therein can i'iow along the discharge utes and through the bushing for esca-pe -through said spaces. Y

.2. The `combination with a drilling machine comprising means for supporting the stock to be drilled, a drill, Ya support for holdingsaid drill and for feeding it into the stock as a hole is drilled therein, means for effecting relative rotation between said stock and .said drill, said drill having a Ypair of passages for supplying coolant to and for discharging coolant from the point thereof, each passage including an inlet flute and a discharge flute, of a jet director mechanism, said mechanism including an oil seal bushing through which the drill passes in close fitting relation, sealing means Vin said mechanism for sealing one end of said bushing to said stock, said sealing means being separate from said bushing enabling relative movement .therebetween, .means including said bushing for suppiying coolant under pressure to said inlet iiutes, means mating with .said inlet fiiutes to substantially prevent the escape of coolant therefrom except at the point of Vsaid drill, said mechanism having a discharge opening whereby .the coolant and the chips therein can flow along the discharge flutes and through the 4bushing for escape through said opening.

vGEORGE J. :SEARLES REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file -of this patent:

' UNITED sTATEs PATENTS Number .Name Date 4552,065 King Dec. 24, 1895 578,431 .Tucker Mar. 9, 1897 .589,576 YRickey Sept. 7, Y1897 1,499,584 Litchfield July l, .1924

2,360,385 Anderson Oct. 17, 1944 2,409,525 Andreasson Oct. 15, 1946 2,510,203 Andreasson May 6, 1.950

FOREIGN .PATENTS Number Country Date 452,750 Great Britain Aug. 28, 1936 520,213 Great Britain Apr. 17, 1940 714,611 France Nov. 17, 1931 

